Chapter 2: The Farmer, His Son and the Donkey (Aesop)
1. Fable (परिभाषा)
Definition (English):
A fable is a short story that teaches a moral lesson.
Hindi Meaning (हिंदी):
दंतकथा (Fable) एक छोटी कहानी होती है जो हमें कोई नैतिक शिक्षा (Moral) देती है।
Example:
The Farmer, His Son and the Donkey is a fable.
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2. Moral (नैतिक शिक्षा)
Definition (English):
A moral is a lesson that we learn from a story.
Hindi Meaning (हिंदी):
कहानी से मिलने वाली सीख को नैतिक शिक्षा (Moral) कहते हैं।
Moral of the Story:
"We cannot please all the people all the time."
Hindi Meaning:
"हम हर समय सभी लोगों को खुश नहीं कर सकते।"
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3. Story Summary (कहानी का सारांश)
A farmer and his son were going to the market.
They took their donkey with them to sell it.
Different people gave different opinions.
The farmer tried to follow everyone's advice.
Finally, they carried the donkey on a pole.
The donkey fell into the river and drowned.
The farmer learned that we cannot please everyone.
हिंदी में सारांश
एक किसान और उसका बेटा गधे को बेचने बाजार जा रहे थे।
रास्ते में लोग अलग-अलग सलाह देते रहे।
किसान सभी को खुश करने की कोशिश करता रहा।
अंत में उन्होंने गधे को उठाकर ले जाना शुरू किया।
गधा नदी में गिर गया और डूब गया।
किसान ने सीखा कि सभी लोगों को खुश नहीं किया जा सकता।
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4. Important Definitions and Meanings
1. Plodded On
Definition: Walked slowly.
Hindi: धीरे-धीरे चलना।
2. Horrible
Definition: Very bad.
Hindi: बहुत बुरा।
3. Thoughtful
Definition: Caring for others.
Hindi: दूसरों की परवाह करने वाला।
4. Selfish
Definition: Caring only about oneself.
Hindi: स्वार्थी।
5. Trails Behind
Definition: Walks tiredly behind.
Hindi: पीछे-पीछे थककर चलना।
6. Sighing
Definition: Taking a deep breath.
Hindi: गहरी सांस लेना।
7. Monsters
Definition: Cruel people.
Hindi: निर्दयी लोग।
8. Burden
Definition: Load or weight.
Hindi: बोझ।
9. Stumbled
Definition: Lost balance while walking.
Hindi: ठोकर खाकर गिरना।
10. Make Up One's Mind
Definition: To decide.
Hindi: निर्णय लेना।
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5. Characters (पात्र)
Farmer (किसान)
Father of the boy.
Owner of the donkey.
Son (बेटा)
Farmer's child.
Accompanies his father.
Donkey (गधा)
Animal taken to market for sale.
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6. Important Points
1. The farmer and his son were going to the market.
किसान और उसका बेटा बाजार जा रहे थे।
2. They wanted to sell the donkey.
वे गधे को बेचना चाहते थे।
3. Different people criticized them.
अलग-अलग लोगों ने उनकी आलोचना की।
4. They changed their actions repeatedly.
उन्होंने बार-बार अपना तरीका बदला।
5. Finally, they carried the donkey.
अंत में उन्होंने गधे को उठाकर ले जाना शुरू किया।
6. The donkey fell into the river.
गधा नदी में गिर गया।
7. The farmer learned a valuable lesson.
किसान ने एक महत्वपूर्ण सीख सीखी।
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7. Question Answers
Q1. Where were the farmer and his son going?
Answer:
They were going to the market to sell their donkey.
Hindi:
वे गधे को बेचने बाजार जा रहे थे।
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Q2. Who said, "Why is that young boy riding while his father is walking?"
Answer:
Some old men said these words to the farmer and his son.
Hindi:
कुछ बूढ़े लोगों ने किसान और उसके बेटे से यह बात कही।
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Q3. What made them carry the donkey?
Answer:
A gang of boys told them to carry the donkey because it was carrying a heavy burden.
Hindi:
लड़कों के एक समूह ने उन्हें गधे को उठाकर ले जाने को कहा।
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Q4. How did the donkey drown?
Answer:
The farmer stumbled on the bridge and the donkey slipped into the river and drowned.
Hindi:
पुल पर किसान ठोकर खाकर गिर गया और गधा नदी में गिरकर डूब गया।
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Q5. What lesson did the farmer learn?
Answer:
He learned that we cannot please all the people all the time.
Hindi:
उसने सीखा कि हम हर समय सभी लोगों को खुश नहीं कर सकते।
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8. True / False
1. The old women wanted the farmer and his son to ride on the donkey. — True
2. The old men said that the farmer was horrible. — False
3. The gang of boys made fun of the farmer and his son. — True
4. The farmer and his son put the donkey in a basket. — False
5. They tied the donkey's legs and carried him upside down on a pole. — True
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9. One Word Meanings
English Hindi
Market बाजार
Donkey गधा
Farmer किसान
Son बेटा
River नदी
Bridge पुल
Carry उठाना
Burden बोझ
Moral नैतिक शिक्षा
Decision निर्णय
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10. Moral of the Chapter
English:
We cannot please all the people all the time.
Hindi:
हम हर समय सभी लोगों को खुश नहीं कर सकते। इसलिए हमें सही निर्णय स्वयं लेना चाहिए।
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